Rhetorical Definition and Examples Syllepsis

Rhetorical Definition and Examples Syllepsis Syllepsis is a rhetorical term for a kind of ellipsis in which one word (usually a verb) is understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which it modifies or governs. Adjective: sylleptic. As Bernard Dupriez points out in A Dictionary of Literary Devices (1991), There is little agreement among rhetoricians on the difference between syllepsis and zeugma, and Brian Vickers notes that even the Oxford English Dictionary confuses syllepsis and zeugma (Classical Rhetoric in English Poetry, 1989). In contemporary rhetoric, the two terms are commonly used interchangeably to refer to a figure of speech in which the same word is applied to two others in different senses. EtymologyFrom the Greek, a taking Examples E.B. WhiteWhen I address Fred I never have to raise either my voice or my hopes.Dave BarryWe consumers like names that reflect what the company does. We know, for example, that International Business Machines makes business machines, and Ford Motors makes Fords, and Sara Lee makes us fat.Anthony LaneAna... first meets Christian Grey at Grey House, which is home to Grey Enterprises, in Seattle... Ana, ushered into his presence, stumbles first over the threshold and then over her words.Robert HutchinsonVegetarianism is harmless enough, though it is apt to fill a man with wind and self-righteousness.Sue TownsendI searched for a sign that she had witnessed more of Mrs. Urquharts scandalous behavior, but her face was its usual mask of Max Factor foundation and disappointment with life.Charles DickinsMiss Bolo rose from the table considerably agitated, and went straight home in a flood of tears, and a sedan chair.Ambrose BiercePiano, n. A parlor utensil for subduing the impenitent visitor. It is operated by depressing the keys of the machine and the spirits of the audience. James ThurberI finally told Ross, late in the summer, that I was losing weight, my grip, and possibly my mind.Margaret AtwoodYou most likely need a thesaurus, a rudimentary grammar book, and a grip on reality.Tyler HiltonYou took my hand and breath away.Mick Jagger and Keith RichardsShe blew my nose and then she blew my mind.Dorothy ParkerIts a small apartment. Ive barely enough room to lay my hat and a few friends. Observations Maxwell NurnbergZeugma, syllepsis- even dictionaries and linguists find it difficult to agree on which is which. They agree only that what is generally involved is a verb (or some other part of speech) that is doing double duty. In one case theres a syntactical problem; in the other, a verb has two or more objects yoked together, objects that are not compatible, since for each the verb is used in a different sense; for example, He took his hat and his departure.Kuang-ming WuSignificantly, zeugma or syllepsis is word-yoking often because it is meaning-yoking. In opening the door and heart to the homeless boy, for instance, opening the heart opens the door, for it is the heart that opens or closes the door; to open yokes the heart inside with the door outside. To open performs a zeugma-activity. Or is it syllepsis? In any case, metaphor performs both functions . . .. Metaphor is a zeugma(-syllepsis) yoking two matters under one word (verb), yoking old and alien, past and future. Pronunciation: si-LEP-sis

Simple Établir (to Establish) Conjugations in French

Simple Établir (to Establish) Conjugations in French The French verb  Ãƒ ©tablir  means to establish. This is a relatively easy one to remember because it resembles the English word and the conjugations arent terribly difficult, either. Conjugating the French Verb Établir Verb conjugations are required when we want to change the tense. In English, we add -ed or -ing to do this, but its more complex in French. Thats because theres a new verb ending for ​every subject pronoun as well as every tense. Établir  is a  regular -IR verb  and it follows the verb conjugation rules of similar verbs like  convertir  (to convert),  chà ©rir  (to cherish), and many others. This makes learning each new verb a little easier than the last. To conjugate these verbs, we must first recognize the verb stem. For  Ãƒ ©tablir, that is  Ãƒ ©tabl-.  Then we need to add the appropriate ending. For instance, I establish is jà ©tablis and we will establish is nous à ©tablirons. Subject Present Future Imperfect j tablis tablirai tablissais tu tablis tabliras tablissais il tablit tablira tablissait nous tablissons tablirons tablissions vous tablissez tablirez tablissiez ils tablissent tabliront tablissaient The Present Participle of Établir Adding -ant  to the verb stem of  Ãƒ ©tablir  creates the  present participle  of  Ãƒ ©tablissant. This is a verb, yet it can also be used as an adjective, gerund, or noun in certain circumstances. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © The past tense established can be formed using either the imperfect or the  passà © composà ©. To construct the latter, begin with the subject pronoun, conjugate the  auxiliary verb  avoir  to match it, then add the past participle  Ãƒ ©tabli. It comes together quickly: I established is jai à ©tabli and we established is nous avons à ©tabli. You will notice that  ai  and  avons  are conjugates of  avoir  and that the past participle does not change. Apply these rules to other subjects as well. More Simple Établir  Conjugations Practicing all of the above forms of  Ãƒ ©tablir  should be the focus of your studies at first. When youre comfortable with those, consider adding the following to your vocabulary.  Even if you dont use them personally, its important to be able to recognize these and associate them with  Ãƒ ©tablir. When the act of establishing has some question or uncertainty to it, the subjunctive form or the conditional verb can be used. Its likely that you will only encounter the passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive in formal writing.   Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j tablisse tablirais tablis tablisse tu tablisses tablirais tablis tablisses il tablisse tablirait tablit tablt nous tablissions tablirions tablmes tablissions vous tablissiez tabliriez tabltes tablissiez ils tablissent tabliriez tablirent tablissent For short statements that directly request or demand something to be established, use the imperative verb form. When doing so, the subject pronoun is not required: use à ©tablis rather than tu à ©tablis. Imperative (tu) tablis (nous) tablissons (vous) tablissez